LPS

Chylomicrons Mediates LPS Detoxification by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Binding Protein

CD14-dependent internalization of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is strongly influenced by LPS aggregation but not by cellular responses to LPS.

We analyzed the impact of ligand aggregation and LPS-induced signaling on CD14-dependent LPS internalization kinetics in human monocytic THP-1 cells and murine macrophages. Using two independent methods, we found that the initial rate and extent of LPS internalization increased with LPS aggregate size. In the presence of LPS binding protein (LBP), large LPS aggregates were internalized extremel...

Cyclic Limulus anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) factor-derived peptide CLP-19 antagonizes LPS function by blocking binding to LPS binding protein.

Inflammation and septic shock due to endotoxins from Gram-negative bacteria infection continue to pose significant challenges to human healthcare. It is, therefore, necessary to develop therapeutic strategies targeting endotoxins, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to prevent their potentially systemic effects. Pathogenesis due to Gram-negative bacteria involves LPS binding to the host LPS-bindi...

LPS-induced TNF-alpha factor (LITAF)-deficient mice express reduced LPS-induced cytokine: Evidence for LITAF-dependent LPS signaling pathways.

Previously we identified a transcription factor, LPS-Induced TNF-alpha Factor (LITAF), mediating inflammatory cytokine expression in LPS-induced processes. To characterize the role of LITAF in vivo, we generated a macrophage-specific LITAF-deficient mouse (macLITAF(-/-)). Our data demonstrate that in macrophages (i) several cytokines (such as TNF-alpha, IL-6, sTNF-RII, and CXCL16) are induced a...

Dual role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein in neutralization of LPS and enhancement of LPS-induced activation of mononuclear cells.

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein (LBP) has a concentration-dependent dual role in the pathogenesis of gram-negative sepsis: low concentrations of LBP enhance the LPS-induced activation of mononuclear cells (MNC), whereas the acute-phase rise in LBP concentrations inhibits LPS-induced cellular stimulation. In stimulation experiments, we have found that LBP mediates the LPS-induced cy...